2012年美國(guó)的人權(quán)紀(jì)錄（全文）
Full text: Human Rights Record of the United States in 2012
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國(guó)務(wù)院新聞辦公室4月21日發(fā)表《2012年美國(guó)的人權(quán)紀(jì)錄》。 |
| 導(dǎo) 言 | Foreword |
| 以“人權(quán)衛(wèi)士”自居的美國(guó)政府在剛剛發(fā)布的《2012年國(guó)別人權(quán)報(bào)告》中，又對(duì)包括中國(guó)在內(nèi)的190多個(gè)國(guó)家的人權(quán)狀況指手畫(huà)腳、說(shuō)三道四，而偏偏對(duì)其本國(guó)存在的人權(quán)問(wèn)題避而不談、只字未提。事實(shí)說(shuō)明，美國(guó)存在著嚴(yán)重人權(quán)問(wèn)題，并廣受世人詬病。在這里，僅對(duì)2012年美國(guó)的人權(quán)問(wèn)題做些實(shí)錄，以便世人從中略窺美國(guó)人權(quán)狀況之一斑。 | The State Department of the United States recently released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, posing as "the world judge of human rights" again. As in previous years, the reports are full of carping and irresponsible remarks on the human rights situation in more than 190 countries and regions including China. However, the U.S. turned a blind eye to its own woeful human rights situation and never said a word about it. Facts show that there are serious human rights problems in the U.S. which incur extensive criticism in the world. The Human Rights Record of the U.S. in 2012 is hereby prepared to reveal the true human rights situation of the U.S. to people across the world by simply laying down some facts. |
| 2012年美國(guó)存在的人權(quán)問(wèn)題在以下幾個(gè)方面使人印象深刻： | The human rights situation in the U.S. in 2012 has deeply impressed people in the following aspects: |
| ——美國(guó)持槍犯罪嚴(yán)重威脅公民的生命與人身安全。2012年，先后發(fā)生奧克蘭校園槍擊案、科羅拉多“世紀(jì)１６”電影院槍擊案和康涅狄格州校園槍擊案，傷亡人數(shù)震驚世界。 | -- Firearms-related crimes posed serious threat to the lives and personal security of citizens in the U.S. Some shootings left astonishing casualties, such as the school shooting in Oakland, the Century 16 theater shooting in Colorado and the school shooting in Connecticut. |
| ——美國(guó)選舉不能充分體現(xiàn)全體公民的真正意志。政治獻(xiàn)金在很大程度上影響了選舉過(guò)程和政策走向。在2012年美國(guó)大選中，僅有57.5%的選民參加了投票。 | -- In the U.S., elections could not fully embody the real will of its citizens. Political contributions had, to a great extent, influenced the electoral procedures and policy direction. During the 2012 presidential election, the voter turnout was only 57.5 percent. |
| ——美國(guó)政府進(jìn)一步限制了公民和政治權(quán)利。不斷擴(kuò)大對(duì)個(gè)人通信的監(jiān)聽(tīng)和審查范圍。警察經(jīng)常濫用職權(quán)，導(dǎo)致侵犯公民權(quán)利的投訴和指控不斷上升。女性遭受家庭暴力和性侵犯比例持續(xù)增加。 | -- In the U.S., citizens' civil and political rights were further restricted by the government. The government expanded the scope of eavesdropping and censoring on personal telecommunications. The police often abused their power, resulting in increasing complaints and charges for infringement upon civil rights. The proportion of women in the U.S. who fell victims of domestic violence and sexual assault kept increasing. |
| ——美國(guó)已成為發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家中貧富懸殊最大的國(guó)家之一。2011年美國(guó)基尼系數(shù)為0.477，失業(yè)人數(shù)高達(dá)900萬(wàn)人；約有1640萬(wàn)兒童生活在貧困之中，公立學(xué)校報(bào)告的無(wú)家可歸的兒童和青少年數(shù)量首次超過(guò)100萬(wàn)。 | -- The U.S. has become one of the developed countries with the greatest income gap. In 2011, the Gini index was 0.477 in the U.S. and about 9 million people were registered as unemployed; About 16.4 million children lived in poverty and, for the first time in history, public schools reported more than one million homeless children and youth. |
| ——美國(guó)存在嚴(yán)重的性別歧視、種族歧視和宗教歧視。土著人面臨嚴(yán)重的種族歧視，其貧困率是全國(guó)平均水平的兩倍；美國(guó)一名導(dǎo)演拍攝并在網(wǎng)上播放的侮辱伊斯蘭教先知的電影引發(fā)了全球穆斯林的抗議浪潮。 | -- There was serious sex, racial and religious discrimination in the U.S. Indigenous people suffered serious racial discrimination and their poverty rate doubled the national average. A movie produced by a U.S. director and aired online was deemed insulting to the Prophet Mohammed, sparking protests by the Muslims worldwide. |
| ——美國(guó)嚴(yán)重侵害他國(guó)人權(quán)。2012年，美國(guó)在也門(mén)、阿富汗、巴基斯坦等國(guó)的軍事行動(dòng)造成無(wú)辜平民大量死亡；焚經(jīng)辱尸，褻瀆當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦淖诮谈星椤Ｃ儡娫谝晾藨?zhàn)爭(zhēng)中使用白磷彈和貧鈾彈，使戰(zhàn)后伊拉克嬰兒出生缺陷率大幅上升。 | -- The U.S. seriously infringed upon human rights of other nations. In 2012, U.S. military operations in Yemen, Afghanistan and Pakistan caused massive civilian casualties. U.S. soldiers had also severely blasphemed against local residents' religion by burning copies of the Muslim holy book, the Koran, and insulting bodies of the dead. There was a huge rise in birth defects in Iraq since the war against Iraq with military actions in which American forces used metal contaminant-releasing white phosphorus shells and depleted uranium bombs. |
| ——美國(guó)未能有效參與國(guó)際人權(quán)合作。美國(guó)沒(méi)有加入或批準(zhǔn)《經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)及文化權(quán)利國(guó)際公約》、《兒童權(quán)利公約》、《消除對(duì)婦女一切形式歧視公約》、《殘疾人權(quán)利公約》等一系列聯(lián)合國(guó)核心人權(quán)公約。 | -- The U.S. was not able to effectively participate in international cooperation on human rights. To date, the U.S. remains a country which has not participated in or ratified a series of core UN conventions on human rights, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. |
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