《中國的中醫藥》白皮書（全文）
White Paper: Traditional Chinese Medicine in China
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調整字號大小: 
| 二、中國發展中醫藥的政策措施 | II. Policies and Measures on TCM Development |
| 中國高度重視中醫藥事業發展。新中國成立初期，把“團結中西醫”作為三大衛生工作方針之一，確立了中醫藥應有的地位和作用。1978年，中共中央轉發衛生部《關于認真貫徹黨的中醫政策，解決中醫隊伍后繼乏人問題的報告》，并在人、財、物等方面給予大力支持，有力地推動了中醫藥事業發展。中華人民共和國憲法指出，發展現代醫藥和我國傳統醫藥，保護人民健康。1986年，國務院成立相對獨立的中醫藥管理部門。各省、自治區、直轄市也相繼成立中醫藥管理機構，為中醫藥發展提供了組織保障。第七屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議將“中西醫并重”列為新時期中國衛生工作五大方針之一。2003年，國務院頒布實施《中華人民共和國中醫藥條例》；2009年，國務院頒布實施《關于扶持和促進中醫藥事業發展的若干意見》，逐步形成了相對完善的中醫藥政策體系。 | China lays great store by the development of TCM. When the People's Republic was founded in 1949, the government placed emphasis on uniting Chinese and Western medicine as one of its three guidelines for health work, and enshrined the important role of TCM. In 1978, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee transmitted throughout the country the Ministry of Health's "Report on Implementing the Party's Policies Regarding TCM and Cultivating TCM Practitioners," and lent great support in areas of human resources, finance, and supplies, vigorously promoting the development of TCM. It is stipulated in the Constitution of the PRC that the state promotes modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine to protect the people's health. In 1986, the State Council set up a relatively independent administration of TCM. All provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government have established their respective TCM administrations, which has laid an organizational basis for TCM development. At the Fourth Meeting of the Seventh National People's Congress, equal emphasis was put on Chinese and Western medicine, which was made one of the five guidelines in China's health work in the new period. In 2003 and 2009, the State Council issued the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine" and the "Opinions on Supporting and Promoting the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine," gradually forming a relatively complete policy system on TCM. |
| 中國共產黨第十八次全國代表大會以來，黨和政府把發展中醫藥擺上更加重要的位置，作出一系列重大決策部署。在全國衛生與健康大會上，習近平總書記強調，要“著力推動中醫藥振興發展”。中國共產黨第十八次全國代表大會和十八屆五中全會提出“堅持中西醫并重”“扶持中醫藥和民族醫藥事業發展”。2015年，國務院常務會議通過《中醫藥法（草案）》，并提請全國人大常委會審議，為中醫藥事業發展提供良好的政策環境和法制保障。2016年，中共中央、國務院印發《“健康中國2030”規劃綱要》，作為今后15年推進健康中國建設的行動綱領，提出了一系列振興中醫藥發展、服務健康中國建設的任務和舉措。國務院印發《中醫藥發展戰略規劃綱要（2016－2030年）》，把中醫藥發展上升為國家戰略，對新時期推進中醫藥事業發展作出系統部署。這些決策部署，描繪了全面振興中醫藥、加快醫藥衛生體制改革、構建中國特色醫藥衛生體系、推進健康中國建設的宏偉藍圖，中醫藥事業進入新的歷史發展時期。 | Since the CPC's 18th National Congress in 2012, the Party and the government have granted greater importance to the development of TCM, and made a series of major policy decisions and adopted a number of plans in this regard. At the National Conference on Hygiene and Health held in August 2016, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of revitalizing and developing traditional Chinese medicine. The CPC's 18th National Congress and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee both reiterated the necessity to pay equal attention to the development of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and lend support to the development of TCM and ethnic minority medicine. In 2015, the executive meeting of the State Council approved the Law on Traditional Chinese Medicine (draft) and submitted it to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation and approval, intending to provide a sounder policy environment and legal basis for TCM development. In 2016 the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan, a guide to improving the health of the Chinese people in the coming 15 years. It sets out a series of tasks and measures to implement the program and develop TCM. The State Council issued the Outline of the Strategic Plan on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2016-2030), which made TCM development a national strategy, with systemic plans for TCM development in the new era. These decisions and plans have mapped out a grand blueprint that focuses on the full revitalization of TCM, accelerated reform of the medical and healthcare system, the building of a medical and healthcare system with Chinese characteristics, and the advancement of the healthy China plan, thus ushering in a new era of development for TCM. |
| 中國發展中醫藥的基本原則和主要措施： | The basic principles and main measures envisioned to develop TCM are: |
| 堅持以人為本，實現中醫藥成果人民共享。中醫藥有很深的群眾基礎，文化理念易于為人民群眾所接受。中醫藥工作以滿足人民群眾健康需求為出發點和落腳點，不斷擴大中醫醫療服務供給，提高基層中醫藥健康管理水平，推進中醫藥與社區服務、養老、旅游等融合發展，普及中醫藥健康知識，倡導健康的生產生活方式，增進人民群眾健康福祉，保證人民群眾享有安全、有效、方便的中醫藥服務。 | Putting people first, and making achievements in TCM development accessible to everyone. TCM roots deep among the public, and the philosophies it contains are easy to understand. To meet the people's demand for healthcare, China endeavors to expand the supply of TCM services, improve community-level TCM health management, advance the integral development of TCM with community service, care of the elderly and tourism, spread knowledge of TCM and advocate healthy ways of life and work, enhance welfare for the public, and ensure that the people can enjoy safe, efficient, and convenient TCM services. |
| 堅持中西醫并重，把中醫藥與西醫藥擺在同等重要的位置。堅持中醫藥與西醫藥在思想認識、法律地位、學術發展和實踐應用上的平等地位，健全管理體制，加大財政投入，制定體現中醫藥自身特點的政策和法規體系，促進中、西醫藥協調發展，共同為維護和增進人民群眾健康服務。 | Equal attention to TCM and Western medicine. Equal status shall be accorded to TCM and Western medicine in terms of ideological understanding, legal status, academic development, and practical application. Efforts shall be made to improve system of administration related to TCM, increase financial input, formulate policies, laws and regulations suited to the unique features of TCM, promote coordinated development of TCM and Western medicine, and make sure that they both serve the maintenance and improvement of the people's health. |
| 堅持中醫與西醫相互取長補短、發揮各自優勢。堅持中西醫相互學習，組織西醫學習中醫，在中醫藥高等院校開設現代醫學課程，加強高層次中西醫結合人才培養。中醫醫院在完善基本功能基礎上，突出特色專科專病建設，推動綜合醫院、基層醫療衛生機構設置中醫藥科室，實施基本公共衛生服務中醫藥項目，促進中醫藥在基本醫療衛生服務中發揮重要作用。建立健全中醫藥參與突發公共事件醫療救治和重大傳染病防治的機制，發揮中醫藥獨特優勢。 | Making TCM and Western medicine complementary to each other, and letting each play to its strengths. The state encourages exchanges between TCM and Western medicine, and creates opportunities for Western medical practitioners to learn from their TCM counterparts. Modern medicine courses are offered at TCM colleges and universities to strengthen the cultivation of doctors who have a good knowledge of both TCM and Western medicine. In addition to the general departments, TCM hospitals have been encouraged to open specialized departments for specific diseases. General hospitals and community-level medical care organizations have been encouraged to set up TCM departments, and TCM has been made available to patients in the basic medical care system and efforts have been made to make it play a more important role in basic medical care. A mechanism has been established for TCM to participate in medical relief of public emergencies and the prevention and control of serious infectious diseases. |
| 堅持繼承與創新的辯證統一，既保持特色優勢又積極利用現代科學技術。建立名老中醫藥專家學術思想和臨床診療經驗傳承制度，系統挖掘整理中醫古典醫籍與民間醫藥知識和技術。建設符合中醫藥特點的科技創新體系，開展中醫藥基礎理論、診療技術、療效評價等系統研究，組織重大疑難疾病、重大傳染病防治的聯合攻關和對常見病、多發病、慢性病的中醫藥防治研究，推動中藥新藥和中醫診療儀器、設備研制開發。 | Upholding the dialectical unity of tradition and innovation, i.e., maintaining TCM's characteristics while actively applying modern science and technology in TCM development. A system has been established to carry forward the theories and clinical experience of well-known veteran TCM experts, and efforts have been made to rediscover and categorize ancient TCM classics and folk medical experience and practices. A system of technological innovation has been established to advance TCM progress, and efforts have been made to carry out systemic research on the fundamental theories, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and therapeutic evaluation of TCM. Interdisciplinary efforts have been organized in joint research on the treatment and control of major difficult and complicated diseases and major infectious diseases, as well as research on the prevention and treatment of common diseases, frequently occurring diseases, and chronic diseases using TCM. Endeavor has been made in the R&D of new TCM medicines, and medical devices and equipment. |
| 堅持統籌兼顧，推進中醫藥全面協調可持續發展。把中醫藥醫療、保健、科研、教育、產業、文化作為一個有機整體，統籌規劃、協調發展。實施基層服務能力提升工程，健全中醫醫療服務體系。實施“治未病”健康工程，發展中醫藥健康服務。開展國家中醫臨床研究基地建設，構建中醫藥防治重大疾病協同創新體系。實施中醫藥傳承與創新人才工程，提升中醫藥人才隊伍素質。推動中藥全產業鏈綠色發展，大力發展非藥物療法。推動中醫藥產業升級，培育戰略性新興產業。開展“中醫中藥中國行”活動，弘揚中醫藥核心價值理念。 | Making overall plans for integrated, coordinated and sustainable development of TCM. The state makes overall plans for the coordinated development of TCM, integrating such areas as TCM clinical practices, healthcare, R&D, education, industry, and culture. Efforts have been made to improve community-level TCM services and the TCM medical care system. A health promotion project featuring preventative treatment of diseases has been launched to enhance TCM medical care. China has built research bases for TCM clinical studies, developed a system of coordination and innovation for the prevention and treatment of major diseases with TCM, and launched programs for training professionals necessary for TCM inheritance and innovation, and improving the quality of the ranks of TCM workers. The state has set out to promote the green development of the entire TCM industrial chain, and vigorous efforts have been made in the development of non-pharmacological therapies. Further efforts have been made to upgrade the TCM industry and develop it into an emerging strategic industry. A nationwide program has been conducted to promote the core values of TCM. |
| 堅持政府扶持、各方參與，共同促進中醫藥事業發展。把中醫藥作為經濟社會發展的重要內容，納入相關規劃、給予資金支持。強化中醫藥監督管理，實施中醫執業醫師、醫療機構和中成藥準入制度，健全中醫藥服務和質量安全標準體系。制定優惠政策，充分發揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用，積極營造平等參與、公平競爭的市場環境，不斷激發中醫藥發展的潛力和活力。鼓勵社會捐資支持中醫藥事業，推動社會力量開辦中醫藥服務機構。 | Promoting TCM development by way of government support and multi-party participation. The government has made TCM an important component of economic and social development, and has included it in relevant plans and provided financial support. The state has strengthened the supervision and administration of TCM practices, and initiated a market access system for TCM practitioners, TCM medical institutions, and TCM medicines, and improved the standards for the quality and safety of TCM service. The government has developed preferential policies to let the market play a full and decisive role in allocating resources, and is striving to create a market environment characterized by equal participation and fair play, so as to maximize the potential and vitality of TCM. Encouragement has been given to social capital to support the development of TCM, and to private investors to establish TCM healthcare institutions. |
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