Some 105 million city residents across China were covered by a basic medical insurance network by the end of October, sources with the Ministry of Labour and Social Security revealed yesterday.

Wang Dongjin, vice-minister of labour and social security, said the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in the first half of this year sparked a spending spree for medical insurance in cities.

In June alone, premiums hit a record high of 5.9 billion yuan (US$710 million).

Wang revealed the statistics at yesterday's inauguration of the Department of Health Economics and Management of Peking Univer-sity's Guanghua School of Management.

"But the health network is incomplete and is especially fragile in China's rural areas," said Wang.

Gordon G. Liu, newly-appointed chair of the department said the major task of the 10th department of the school is to research how to effectively allocate health resources and investment in China's rural and urban areas.

In Chinese rural areas, there are about 30 million people in poverty and 60 million living close to the poverty line.

According to Chen Xiwen, a research fellow with the Development and Research Centre of the State Council, 90 per cent of farmers have to pay medical expenses all their themselves, compared to the 60 per cent paid by urban dwellers, while farmers' incomes are about one-third that of urban residents. As a result, many farmers are unable to afford medical treatment.

Wang Longde, vice-minister of health, also said the SARS outbreak this spring awakened policymakers' attention to health and medicare problems for rural people.

He said the Chinese Government has vowed to build a relatively affluent Chinese society in the next two decades, and a key aspect in reaching this goal is to raise the living standards and quality of life of Chinese farmers, who account for 70 per cent of the population.

Official statistics show that half of those in poverty in rural areas suffer from diseases.

"From this point of view, without a solution to farmers' medicare problem, it is hardly possible to realize a relatively affluent society in China," said Wang.

The central government is determined to set up an effective welfare system to offer medicare to 900 million farmers, and the system is scheduled to be expanded to cover all farmers by 2010.

(China Daily  December 9, 2003)