China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor
The idea of a China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (CMREC) was proposed by President Xi Jinping on September 11, 2014 during the first trilateral meeting of the three heads of state in Dushanbe, capital of Tajikistan, and was welcomed by Russian President Vladimir Putin and Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj. On June 23, 2016, the three countries put pen to paper on a development plan for the proposal, the first multilateral cooperation plan to form part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
As an important component of the Silk Road Economic Belt, the CMREC aims to align China’s Belt and Road Initiative with Russia’s proposal for a Eurasian Union and Mongolia’s Steppe Road program. It creates an overarching platform to tap the potential and strengths of the three parties to expand development opportunities beneficial to all, promote regional economic integration, and enhance their collective competitiveness in the international market.
The CMREC has two key traffic arteries: One extends from China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to Hohhot and on to Mongolia and Russia; the other extends from China’s Dalian, Shenyang, Changchun, Harbin and Manzhouli to Russia’s Chita.
Seven major areas of cooperation are envisaged: transport infrastructure and connectivity; port construction, and customs and border inspection and quarantine services; industrial capacity and investment; trade; cultural and people-to-people exchanges; environmental protection; and cooperation with adjacent regions. Transport is the main focus.
中蒙俄經濟走廊
2014年9月11日，習近平主席在塔吉克斯坦首都杜尚別舉行的首次中俄蒙三國元首會晤期間，提出打造中蒙俄經濟走廊的倡議，獲得普京總統和額勒貝格道爾吉總統的積極響應。 2016年6月23日，三國正式簽署了《建設中蒙俄經濟走廊規劃綱要》，成為“一帶一路”倡議下的第一個多邊合作規劃綱要。
中蒙俄經濟走廊是絲綢之路經濟帶的重要組成部分，旨在推動“一帶一路”倡議同俄羅斯的歐亞聯盟倡議、蒙古國的“草原之路”倡議實現對接，為三國深化務實合作搭建頂層設計平臺，以便發揮三方潛力和優勢，建設和拓展互利共贏的經濟發展空間，推動地區經濟一體化，提升三國在國際市場上的聯合競爭力。
中蒙俄經濟走廊有兩個通道：一是從華北京津冀到呼和浩特，再到蒙古和俄羅斯；二是從大連、沈陽、長春、哈爾濱到滿洲里和俄羅斯的赤塔。
該走廊重點關注七大合作領域，即促進交通基礎設施發展及互聯互通、加強口岸建設和海關及檢驗檢疫監管、加強產能與投資合作、深化經貿合作、拓展人文交流合作、加強生態環保合作、推動地方及邊境地區合作，其中交通領域被確定為工作重點。