A Social Governance Model Based on Collaboration, Participation, and Common Interests
A proposal for promoting participatory social governance was unveiled in March 2016 in the 13th Five-year Plan for Economic and Social Development. It emphasizes the participatory nature of social governance, rejecting the notion that governance is about the relationship between the governing elite and the governed. It provides guiding principles for modernizing China’s thinking on social governance and for implementing social governance initiatives.
The report to the 19th CPC National Congress highlighted the need to strengthen the institution building in social governance and improve the law-based social governance model under which Party committees exercise leadership, government assumes responsibility, non-governmental actors provide assistance, and the public get involved. We will strengthen public participation and rule of law in social governance, and make such governance smarter and more specialized.
We will improve mechanisms for preventing and defusing social tensions, and properly handle problems among the people. We will promote safe development, and raise public awareness that life matters most and that safety comes first; we will improve the public safety system and the responsibility system for workplace safety; we will take resolute measures to prevent serious and major accidents, and build up our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief.
We will accelerate development of the crime prevention and control system, combat and punish in accordance with law all illegal and criminal activities such as pornography, gambling, drug abuse, gang violence, kidnapping, and fraud, and protect people’s personal rights, property rights, and right to dignity. We will improve the system of public psychological services, and cultivate self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, composure, and optimism among the people. We will strengthen the system for community governance, shift the focus of social governance to the community level, leverage the role of social organizations, and see that government’s governance efforts on the one hand and society’s self-regulation and residents’ self-governance on the other reinforce each other.
共建共治共享的社會(huì)治理格局
2016年3月發(fā)布的《中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要》提出“構(gòu)建全民共建共享的社會(huì)治理格局”，明確了社會(huì)治理不是簡(jiǎn)單的管理與被管理的關(guān)系，而是共同參與的理念，這是探索實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)社會(huì)治理現(xiàn)代化的指導(dǎo)思想和實(shí)踐路徑。中共十九大報(bào)告進(jìn)一步提出“打造共建共治共享的社會(huì)治理格局”。明確打造共建共治共享的社會(huì)治理格局需要：加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治理制度建設(shè)，完善黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、政府負(fù)責(zé)、社會(huì)協(xié)同、公眾參與、法治保障的社會(huì)治理體制，提高社會(huì)治理社會(huì)化、法治化、智能化、專(zhuān)業(yè)化水平；加強(qiáng)預(yù)防和化解社會(huì)矛盾機(jī)制建設(shè)，正確處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾；樹(shù)立安全發(fā)展理念，弘揚(yáng)生命至上、安全第一的思想，健全公共安全體系，完善安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任制，堅(jiān)決遏制重特大安全事故，提升防災(zāi)減災(zāi)救災(zāi)能力；加快社會(huì)治安防控體系建設(shè)，依法打擊和懲治黃賭毒黑拐騙等違法犯罪活動(dòng)，保護(hù)人民人身權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)、人格權(quán)；加強(qiáng)社會(huì)心理服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，培育自尊自信、理性平和、積極向上的社會(huì)心態(tài)；加強(qiáng)社區(qū)治理體系建設(shè)，推動(dòng)社會(huì)治理重心向基層下移，發(fā)揮社會(huì)組織作用，實(shí)現(xiàn)政府治理和社會(huì)調(diào)節(jié)、居民自治良性互動(dòng)。