中共中央關于全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定（全文）
Decision of the CCCPC on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform
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| 八、加強社會主義民主政治制度建設 | VIII. Strengthening Building of the Socialist Democratic System |
| 發展社會主義民主政治，必須以保證人民當家作主為根本，堅持和完善人民代表大會制度、中國共產黨領導的多黨合作和政治協商制度、民族區域自治制度以及基層群眾自治制度，更加注重健全民主制度、豐富民主形式，從各層次各領域擴大公民有序政治參與，充分發揮我國社會主義政治制度優越性。 | To develop socialist democracy, we must ensure the position of the people as masters of the country, uphold and improve the system of people's congress, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of community-level self-governance. We will attach greater importance to improving the system of democracy and diversifying the forms of democracy, and expand citizens' orderly political participation in all levels and fields to give full play to the strength of the socialist political system. |
| （27）推動人民代表大會制度與時俱進。堅持人民主體地位，推進人民代表大會制度理論和實踐創新，發揮人民代表大會制度的根本政治制度作用。完善中國特色社會主義法律體系，健全立法起草、論證、協調、審議機制，提高立法質量，防止地方保護和部門利益法制化。健全“一府兩院”由人大產生、對人大負責、受人大監督制度。健全人大討論、決定重大事項制度，各級政府重大決策出臺前向本級人大報告。加強人大預算決算審查監督、國有資產監督職能。落實稅收法定原則。加強人大常委會同人大代表的聯系，充分發揮代表作用。通過建立健全代表聯絡機構、網絡平臺等形式密切代表同人民群眾聯系。 | 27. Bringing the people's congress system in line with the times. We will uphold the position of the people as masters of the country, press ahead with innovation of the system of people's congress both in theory and practice, and give full play to the role of the system of people's congress as the country's fundamental political system. We will improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, and perfect the system of legislative drafting, argument, coordination and review to improve the quality of legislation and prevent regional protectionism and legalization of departmental interests. We will improve the system within which people's government, people's court and people's procuratorate are elected by, responsible to and supervised by the people's congress. We will improve the system under which major issues are discussed and decided by the people's congresses, and governments at various levels report to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels before major decisions are formulated. We will reinforce the functions of the people's congress in the examination and oversight of government budgets and final accounts, and oversight of state assets. We will implement the principle of taxation legitimacy. We will increase the contacts between the Standing Committee of the NPC and the NPC deputies, and give full play to the role of deputies. Deputy liaison offices and Internet platforms will be established in people's congresses to increase deputies' contact with the people. |
| 完善人大工作機制，通過座談、聽證、評估、公布法律草案等擴大公民有序參與立法途徑，通過詢問、質詢、特定問題調查、備案審查等積極回應社會關切。 | We will improve the working mechanism of people's congresses, widen channels for the public to participate in legislative work in an orderly manner through discussion, hearing, assessment and publicizing draft laws; actively address social concerns through inquiry, investigation of specific problems, and putting on record for examination. |
| （28）推進協商民主廣泛多層制度化發展。協商民主是我國社會主義民主政治的特有形式和獨特優勢，是黨的群眾路線在政治領域的重要體現。在黨的領導下，以經濟社會發展重大問題和涉及群眾切身利益的實際問題為內容，在全社會開展廣泛協商，堅持協商于決策之前和決策實施之中。 | 28. Promoting wide, multi-tiered and institutionalized consultative democracy. Consultative democracy is a unique form and distinctive advantage of China's socialist democracy and an important embodiment of the Party's mass line in the political field. We will, under the Party's leadership, carry out extensive consultations on major issues relating to economic and social development as well as specific problems involving the people's immediate interests, and conduct consultations before and during the implementation of policy decisions. |
| 構建程序合理、環節完整的協商民主體系，拓寬國家政權機關、政協組織、黨派團體、基層組織、社會組織的協商渠道。深入開展立法協商、行政協商、民主協商、參政協商、社會協商。加強中國特色新型智庫建設，建立健全決策咨詢制度。 | We will build a consultative democracy featuring appropriate procedures and complete segments to expand the consultation channels of the organs of state power, committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, political parties, and community-level and social organizations. We will conduct intensive consultations on issues relating to legislation, administration, democracy, political participation and social problems. We will strengthen the building of new types of think tanks with Chinese characteristics, and establish and improve the consultation system on decision-making. We will give full play to the important role of the united front in consultative democracy. |
| 發揮統一戰線在協商民主中的重要作用。完善中國共產黨同各民主黨派的政治協商，認真聽取各民主黨派和無黨派人士意見。中共中央根據年度工作重點提出規劃，采取協商會、談心會、座談會等進行協商。完善民主黨派中央直接向中共中央提出建議制度。貫徹黨的民族政策，保障少數民族合法權益，鞏固和發展平等團結互助和諧的社會主義民族關系。 | We will improve the political consultation between the CPC and non-communist parties, and listen to the suggestions of the latter parties and public figures without party affiliation. Based on the annual work priorities, the CPC Central Committee will draw up a yearly plan on which consultations will be conducted through conferences, heart-to-heart talks and symposiums. We will improve the system in which the central committees of non-communist parties make proposals directly to the CPC Central Committee. We will implement the Party's ethnic policies to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities, and consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony. |
| 發揮人民政協作為協商民主重要渠道作用。重點推進政治協商、民主監督、參政議政制度化、規范化、程序化。各級黨委和政府、政協制定并組織實施協商年度工作計劃，就一些重要決策聽取政協意見。完善人民政協制度體系，規范協商內容、協商程序。拓展協商民主形式，更加活躍有序地組織專題協商、對口協商、界別協商、提案辦理協商，增加協商密度，提高協商成效。在政協健全委員聯絡機構，完善委員聯絡制度。 | We will make the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference serve as a major channel for conducting consultative democracy, focusing efforts on making political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs institutionalized, standardized and procedure-based. Party committees, governments and the CPPCC at all levels will formulate annual work plans and have consultations on these plans, soliciting suggestions from the CPPCC on major decisions. We will improve the system of the CPPCC, specifying the contents and procedures for consultation. We will diversify the forms of consultative democracy, and more actively carry out consultations on particular topics, and with specialists and representatives from all sectors of society, and with the relevant government departments on the handling of proposals, to improve the intensity and effectiveness of the consultations. We will improve the contact system of CPPCC members by setting up and improving the liaison offices. |
| （29）發展基層民主。暢通民主渠道，健全基層選舉、議事、公開、述職、問責等機制。開展形式多樣的基層民主協商，推進基層協商制度化，建立健全居民、村民監督機制，促進群眾在城鄉社區治理、基層公共事務和公益事業中依法自我管理、自我服務、自我教育、自我監督。健全以職工代表大會為基本形式的企事業單位民主管理制度，加強社會組織民主機制建設，保障職工參與管理和監督的民主權利。 | 29. Giving full play to democracy at the community level. We will open wider the channels for democracy and improve the system of community-level election, political discussion, information disclosure, duty reporting and accountability. We will exercise community-level consultative democracy in various forms and make it institutional. We will establish and improve supervision by urban residents and villagers, encouraging them to conduct self-management, self-service, self-education and self-oversight in exercising urban and rural community governance, in managing community-level public affairs and in running public service programs. We will improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers and employees' congress as its basic form, strengthen the building of the democratic mechanism in social organizations, and ensure employees' democratic rights in participating in management and supervision. |
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