《華盛頓郵報(bào)》記者：總理您好。一年以前，我的一個(gè)記者同事曾經(jīng)向您問(wèn)到一個(gè)關(guān)于在中國(guó)進(jìn)行直選的問(wèn)題，當(dāng)時(shí)您表示這個(gè)進(jìn)程應(yīng)該是循序漸進(jìn)的，首先中國(guó)老百姓應(yīng)該證明他們有能力來(lái)管好一個(gè)村的事務(wù)，然后他們逐漸可以管好一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)、一個(gè)縣的事務(wù)。今年，在世界許多國(guó)家老百姓都將會(huì)通過(guò)直接選舉選出自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，人們不禁要問(wèn)，什么時(shí)候在中國(guó)的老百姓才能夠通過(guò)這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性、直接性的選舉選出他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人呢？

溫家寶：是的。我曾經(jīng)不僅一次地提出過(guò)，要堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)行村民自治，并且保護(hù)村民直選的合法權(quán)利。現(xiàn)在農(nóng)村村委會(huì)許多實(shí)踐證明，農(nóng)民通過(guò)直選村委會(huì)是成功的。他們不僅有高度的熱情，而且按照村民自治法制定了嚴(yán)格的選舉辦法。

我至今還是這樣認(rèn)為，群眾能夠管好一個(gè)村，就能夠管好一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)的事情；能夠管好一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)，就能夠管好一個(gè)縣的事情。我們應(yīng)該按照這條道路鼓勵(lì)群眾大膽實(shí)踐，并且在實(shí)踐中使他們受到鍛煉。我相信，中國(guó)的民主制度會(huì)依照中國(guó)的國(guó)情循序漸進(jìn)地得到發(fā)展。這也是任何力量所阻擋不住的。謝謝。

《財(cái)經(jīng)》雜志記者：我的提問(wèn)是，今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)增速調(diào)低為7.5%，這是暫時(shí)性的減速，還是會(huì)變成常態(tài)性？中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)是否已經(jīng)告別了高增長(zhǎng)的階段？國(guó)際社會(huì)上在某種程度將度過(guò)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的希望寄于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長(zhǎng)，現(xiàn)在中國(guó)調(diào)低了增速會(huì)對(duì)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇產(chǎn)生哪些影響？謝謝。

溫家寶：政府工作報(bào)告作了以后，世界上各種媒體反響最大的，就是關(guān)于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的速度。我以為他們抓住了一個(gè)要害問(wèn)題。這次我們將多年來(lái)8%以上的中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速調(diào)低到7.5%，其主要目的就是要真正使經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)轉(zhuǎn)移到依靠科技進(jìn)步和提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)上來(lái)，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量的增長(zhǎng)，真正有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，真正使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展擺脫過(guò)度依賴資源消耗和污染環(huán)境，走上一條節(jié)約資源能耗，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的正確道路上來(lái)，真正使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展能最終惠及百姓的民生。

這個(gè)決心是在制定“十二五”規(guī)劃時(shí)就下了的。我們“十二五”規(guī)劃設(shè)定的目標(biāo)是7%，今年確定經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)7.5%，是為了與“十二五”規(guī)劃的要求相銜接。同時(shí)，我也必須說(shuō)明，這是我們主動(dòng)調(diào)控的結(jié)果。

應(yīng)該承認(rèn)，由于歐債危機(jī)、外部市場(chǎng)萎縮，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有下行的壓力。但是在這種情況下，我們調(diào)低速度主要是為了結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。

我想說(shuō)明的一點(diǎn)是，當(dāng)我們宣布這個(gè)指標(biāo)以后，許多國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)界、專(zhuān)家學(xué)者、新聞媒體都認(rèn)為，從本質(zhì)上看這是一個(gè)利好消息。因?yàn)橹袊?guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠克服不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題，真正走上一條注重質(zhì)量的發(fā)展道路，從根本上有利于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

現(xiàn)在，對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)，還是要把握好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、管好通脹預(yù)期三者的關(guān)系。中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量已經(jīng)達(dá)到47萬(wàn)億元人民幣，在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上，增長(zhǎng)7.5%并不算低。如果一直保持這個(gè)速度，在經(jīng)濟(jì)總量不斷增長(zhǎng)的情況下，更不算低。而且我們要想方設(shè)法使同樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量能夠換取更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，能夠使百姓得到更多的實(shí)惠。我們一定能夠做到這一點(diǎn)，這是我們的目標(biāo)。謝謝。

Washington Post: Thank you premier for coming here and answering our questions for one last time. One year ago here, you were asked by one of my colleagues about the possibility of elections in China, and you said it had to come gradually, step by step, that the Chinese had to first show that they can run a village and then a township. This year, people all over the world are electing their leaders in direct elections. That has had many people wondering and asking the question exactly when Chinese citizens will enjoy these same rights to elect their leaders in a competitive direct election.

Wen Jiabao: I have said on several occasions that we must adhere to the practice of self-governance by villagers in China, and the villagers' lawful right to directly elect the village committees must be protected. What has happened shows that this has been a successful practice. The Chinese villagers have shown strong enthusiasm in participating in this process and strict methods of election have been formulated on the basis of the Organic Law of the Villagers Committee.

I still believe that if the people are able to run the affairs of a village well, gradually they will be able to run the affairs of a township and then a county. We must continue to encourage the people to take bold steps to experiment and enhance their ability in this regard in the course of practice. I believe that democracy in China will continue to develop step by step in keeping with China's national conditions, and no force is able to hold this process back.

Finance Magazine: The GDP growth target for this year has been set at 7.5 percent. I would like to ask if it is just a temporary cut in the growth speed or a permanent one. Does it mean the end of China's high economic growth period? The international community has, to some extent, placed the hope of tiding over the economic crisis on China's strong economic growth. How will the downward adjustment of China's growth target affect global economic recovery?

Wen Jiabao: After I delivered the government work report, the highest attention from media organizations across the world has been paid to China's growth target. I believe they have focused their attention on a very important issue. For years, we have set the annual growth target of the Chinese economy at 8 percent, but this year, we have set the target at 7.5 percent. This is because we want to shift China's economic growth towards one that relies on advances in science and technology and higher educational level of the labor force. We hope that China's economy will achieve high-quality growth, and our economic development will serve the primary goals of making economic structural adjustment and shifting China's growth model. We hope that China's economic growth will no longer come at the cost of resources consumption and environmental pollution. We want to put China's economic growth on a path that is conducive to energy conservation and protection of the eco-environment. We hope that our economic development will bring greater benefits to the people.

We already made up our mind to do so during the formulation of the 12th Five-Year Plan. We have set the average annual GDP growth speed during the 12th Five-Year Plan period at 7 percent, and by setting this year's growth target at 7.5 percent, we want to make it fit the requirement set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan. At the same time, I should point out that the economic slowdown is the result of our proactive macroeconomic control.

Admittedly, China's economy is under downward pressure due to the European debt crisis and contraction of the external market. We have adjusted China's GDP growth target, mainly because we want to press ahead with economic structural adjustment.

With respect to the target of GDP growth this year, it is the consensus among economists, experts, scholars and media organizations from many countries around the world that this is, in the final analysis, good news for the world. Because if we in China can truly overcome the problem of lack of adequate balance, coordination and sustainability in our economic growth and get the Chinese economy on a path of quality development, this, in a fundamental way, is conducive to the development of the global economy.

We must continue to strike a balance among maintaining steady and robust economic development, making economic structural adjustments, and managing inflation expectations. China's economic aggregates now total around 47 trillion yuan ($7.5trillion). And with that base figure, a 7.5 percent growth target is not a low one. And this is even more so if we can sustain this speed as the size of the economy continues to expand. Moreover, we must work even harder to raise our growth efficiency so that more benefits will be extended to the people. We have confidence that we will be able to do that. This is our goal.